Why Government Should Not Invest Public Money in Sports Stadiums Used by Professional Franchises
In the previous article, we have already come across some of the reasons why the government should not encourage funding of stadiums that are to be used by private franchises. We have already seen that the entire mechanism of government funding ends up being a regressive tax on the citizens of a particular city who […]
Exchange Traded Derivatives
Now since we have a basic idea regarding what derivatives really are and the function that they perform, it time to get into a little more detail. At this point, it is essential to introduce the concept of exchange traded derivatives and over the counter derivatives. We have briefly brushed on them in the previous […]
The Rise of Flat Tax
Governments all over the world generally levy graduated taxes on their population. This means that as the income being taxed increases, the tax rate also increases. Under a graduated tax structure, some amount of income is exempted from the tax. Then, there is a different tax slab, which becomes applicable as soon as the income […]
Building a Startup Team
When people think about how startup founders invest their time, most of them think about dealing with investors or managing the operations of the firm. Almost, no one imagines that the founder of a startup company spends a considerable amount of their time in building a team. This is because hiring is not considered to […]
Public-Private Partnership in Stadium Financing
In the previous articles, we have already seen that funding a stadium can be very difficult from a financial point of view. The financial aspects of stadium financing can be challenging regardless of whether the financing will be provided by the government or by private parties. It is important to note that stadium financing can […]
Every individual needs to put some part of his income into something which would benefit him in the long run. Investment is essential as unavoidable circumstances can arise anytime and anywhere.
One needs to invest money into something which would guarantee maximum returns with minimum risks in future. Money saved now will help you overcome tough times in the best possible way.
Bonds are issued by organizations generally for a period of more than one year to raise money by borrowing.
Organizations in order to raise capital issue bond to investors which is nothing but a financial contract, where the organization promises to pay the principal amount and interest (in the form of coupons) to the holder of the bond after a certain date. (Also called maturity date). Some Bonds do not pay interest to the investors, however it is mandatory for the issuers to pay the principal amount to the investors.
Maturity date refers to the final date for the payment of any financial product when the principal along with the interest needs to be paid to the investor by the issuer.
Following are the types of bonds:
In Fixed Rate Bonds, the interest remains fixed through out the tenure of the bond. Owing to a constant interest rate, fixed rate bonds are resistant to changes and fluctuations in the market.
Floating rate bonds have a fluctuating interest rate (coupons) as per the current market reference rate.
Zero Interest Rate Bonds do not pay any regular interest to the investors. In such types of bonds, issuers only pay the principal amount to the bond holders.
Bonds linked to inflation are called inflation linked bonds. The interest rate of Inflation linked bonds is generally lower than fixed rate bonds.
Bonds with no maturity dates are called perpetual bonds. Holders of perpetual bonds enjoy interest throughout.
Bonds which are given less priority as compared to other bonds of the company in cases of a close down are called subordinated bonds. In cases of liquidation, subordinated bonds are given less importance as compared to senior bonds which are paid first.
Bearer Bonds do not carry the name of the bond holder and anyone who possesses the bond certificate can claim the amount. If the bond certificate gets stolen or misplaced by the bond holder, anyone else with the paper can claim the bond amount.
War Bonds are issued by any government to raise funds in cases of war.
Bonds maturing over a period of time in installments are called serial bonds.
Climate Bonds are issued by any government to raise funds when the country concerned faces any adverse changes in climatic conditions.
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The Perils of the Immediacy Trap and Why we can and cannot do without it
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