Is Management Really a Profession? Key Insights
Over a large few decades, factors such as growing size of business unit, separation of ownership from management, growing competition etc have led to an increased demand for professionally qualified managers. The task of manager has been quite specialized. As a result of these developments the management has reached a stage where everything is to […]
Apply the Definition of Coordination to Real-World Cases
Co-ordination is the unification, integration, synchronization of the efforts of group members so as to provide unity of action in the pursuit of common goals. It is a hidden force which binds all the other functions of management. According to Mooney and Reelay, “Co-ordination is orderly arrangement of group efforts to provide unity of action […]
Criticism of Scientific Management
Although it is accepted that the scientific management enables the management to put resources to its best possible use and manner, yet it has not been spared of severe criticism. Workers Viewpoint Unemployment – Workers feel that management reduces employment opportunities from them through replacement of men by machines and by increasing human productivity less […]
5 Functions of Management: Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Directing and Controlling
Management has been described as a social process involving responsibility for economical and effective planning & regulation of operation of an enterprise in the fulfillment of given purposes. It is a dynamic process consisting of various elements and activities. These activities are different from operative functions like marketing, finance, purchase etc. Rather these activities are […]
Scientific Management by Taylor
Fredrick Winslow Taylor ( March 20, 1856 – March 21, 1915) commonly known as ’Father of Scientific Management’ started his career as an operator and rose to the position of chief engineer. He conducted various experiments during this process which forms the basis of scientific management. It implies application of scientific principles for studying & […]
According to Theo Haimann, “Administration means overall determination of policies, setting of major objectives, the identification of general purposes and laying down of broad programmes and projects”. It refers to the activities of higher level. It lays down basic principles of the enterprise. According to Newman, “Administration means guidance, leadership & control of the efforts of the groups towards some common goals”.
Whereas, management involves conceiving, initiating and bringing together the various elements; coordinating, actuating, integrating the diverse organizational components while sustaining the viability of the organization towards some pre-determined goals.
In other words, it is an art of getting things done through & with the people in formally organized groups.
The difference between Management and Administration can be summarized under 2 categories: -
On the Basis of Functions: -
| Basis | Management | Administration |
| Meaning | Management is an art of getting things done through others by directing their efforts towards achievement of pre-determined goals. | It is concerned with formulation of broad objectives, plans & policies. |
| Nature | Management is an executing function. | Administration is a decision-making function. |
| Process | Management decides who should as it & how should he dot it. | Administration decides what is to be done & when it is to be done. |
| Function | Management is a doing function because managers get work done under their supervision. | Administration is a thinking function because plans & policies are determined under it. |
| Skills | Technical and Human skills | Conceptual and Human skills |
| Level | Middle & lower level function | Top level function |
On the Basis of Usage: -
| Basis | Management | Administration |
| Applicability | It is applicable to business concerns i.e. profit-making organization. | It is applicable to non-business concerns i.e. clubs, schools, hospitals etc. |
| Influence | The management decisions are influenced by the values, opinions, beliefs & decisions of the managers. | The administration is influenced by public opinion, govt. policies, religious organizations, customs etc. |
| Status | Management constitutes the employees of the organization who are paid remuneration (in the form of salaries & wages). | Administration represents owners of the enterprise who earn return on their capital invested & profits in the form of dividend. |
Practically, there is no difference between management & administration. Every manager is concerned with both - administrative management function and operative management function as shown in the figure. However, the managers who are higher up in the hierarchy denote more time on administrative function & the lower level denote more time on directing and controlling worker’s performance i.e. management.
The Figure above clearly shows the degree of administration and management performed by the different levels of management
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