Coordination and Cooperation
April 3, 2025
Co-ordination is an orderly arrangement of efforts to provide unity of action in the fulfillment of common objective whereas co-operation denotes collective efforts of persons working in an enterprise voluntarily for the achievement of a particular purpose. It is the willingness of individuals to help each other. Co-ordination is an effort to integrate effectively energies…
Although it is accepted that the scientific management enables the management to put resources to its best possible use and manner, yet it has not been spared of severe criticism. Workers Viewpoint Unemployment – Workers feel that management reduces employment opportunities from them through replacement of men by machines and by increasing human productivity less…
Over a large few decades, factors such as growing size of business unit, separation of ownership from management, growing competition etc have led to an increased demand for professionally qualified managers. The task of manager has been quite specialized. As a result of these developments the management has reached a stage where everything is to…
Management as a group refers to all those persons who perform the task of managing an enterprise. When we say that management of ABC Co. is good, we are referring to a group of people those who are managing.
Thus as a group technically speaking, management will include all managers from chief executive to the first - line managers (lower-level managers). But in common practice management includes only top management i.e. Chief Executive, Chairman, General Manager, Board of Directors etc.
In other words, those who are concerned with making important decisions, these persons enjoy the authorities to use resources to accomplish organizational objectives also responsibility to for their efficient utilization.
Management as a group may be looked upon in 2 different ways:
The interpretation depends upon the context in which these terms are used. Broadly speaking, there are 3 types of managers -
Managers have become a part of elite group of society as they enjoy higher standard of living in the society.
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