What is China Plus Strategy and Why it Can Become a Game Changer for the Indian Economy?
How, China Known as the Factory of the World Is Losing Its Seen Due To the China plus Strategy China is known as the “factory of the world”. This is because it is the world leader in hosting manufacturing plants of Western multinationals, who have moved their offshore production facilities since the 1970s there, attracted […]
Why Wealth Tax has been Abolished All Over the World?
Taxation is a hotly debated subject all over the world. There are supporters of capitalism who already believe that the rich are being taxed too much. On the other hand, there are supporters of socialism who cite increasing wealth disparity and argue that the rich should be taxed even more. The idea that the rich […]
Cost Estimate and Accounting in ERP
The costing module is one of the important controlling modules which enables effective internal cost control and accounting. All functionalities regarding cost analysis and cost allocations are provided by this module. The cost accounting module is highly integrated with budget and general ledger modules as well as draws input and provides output to various logistics […]
Finished Goods Inventory Classifications and Terminologies
While inventory classification of raw materials for Inventory Management purposes follows ABC Classification, Finished Goods inventory is classified under additional categories based on various attributes including sales volumes/patterns, functional attributes and operational requirements. Stock Category depending upon Sales Channels Finished Goods at the very basic level is manufactured and stocked separately depending upon the Business […]
Criticisms of Globalization: Growing Income Inequality
More Losers than Winners The previous articles in this module covered the topic of globalization in depth. Some of the points of discussion were about how globalization has succeeded in lifting millions of people out of poverty. While accepting this fact, it is also the case that globalization has created income inequality which when coupled […]
Product quality determines the success with the product. One of the key drivers of quality is the performance of the product over a period of time. Performance of product is determined by the reliability and redundancy. Reliability increases the efficiency while redundancy increases the current capability and expectations.
Any production organization sets a goal of achieving production efficiency and ability to operate at an optimum level at all the time. Furthermore, the production should be achieved with a least level of wastage.
Production reliability is dependent upon speed, quality and time availability. Equipment failure leads to outage and frequent breakdown, which affect the quality of the products. Frequent machine breakdowns also decrease production speed thus affecting time availability. Theoretically, it is recommended to set employees with a goal of reliability.
Important characteristics of reliability are as follows:
Reliability is divided into two main parts, and they are as follows:
It has been observed that reliability increases if regular maintenance is undertaken.
Redundancy is defined as an addition of information, resource and time to the existing product or system than required for its optimum performance. Redundancy is of following types:
From the above it can be concluded that redundancy provides extra reliability to product and systems. It helps prevention of decline in performance without direct manual intervention. The importance of the redundancy increase even more when system or product is performing a critical, sensitive and complicated task.
Redundancy is sometimes accompanied with failure. These failures are function failure and reliability failure. Functional failure is observed from the start of product life, and it is caused by production or raw material defect. Reliability failure is observed after usage over period of time.
Reliability is measured through reliability index and failure rate. Reliability index is defined as the ratio of production losses to the loss per production loss. Failure rate is defined as the number of failure per unit time, which decreases initially with passage of time.
Total quality management philosophy talks about producing consistent quality of product over a period of time. Redundancy production increases overall cost of production as the extra effort is put into maintaining targeted quality.
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