The Bhopal Disaster and its Aftermath as a Case Study in Misapplication of CSR
The previous articles in this module have discussed how Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as a business imperative is no longer a luxury and instead, it has become a necessity. We have also discussed how companies can no longer afford to pay lip service to CSR and the time has come to take the concept seriously. […]
Meaning and Scope of Marketing Research
According to American Marketing Association, “Marketing Research is the function that links the consumer, customer and public to the marketer through information-information used to identify and define marketing opportunities and problems, generate, refine and evaluate marketing actions; monitor marketing performance; and improve understanding of marketing as a process.” Marketing Research is systematic problem analysis, model […]
Planograms – Meaning, its Need and Types of Product Placements
How do you think buildings are constructed? With the help of architectural drawings. An architectural drawing creates a rough print of the building on paper which gives an idea about the floor plans, location of rooms, lobby and so on. In retail a planogram replaces architectural drawings. Once a retailer opens a store, he needs […]
Product Management in the Indian IT Sector
The previous articles in this module discussed how product management differs from brand management and the way in which product management is carried out in IT companies. This article looks at the specific case of product management in Indian IT companies by referring to some well-known companies and their practices. The Indian IT sector is […]
Challenges to the Retail Sector (As per Michael Porter s Five Forces Model)
Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model helps in the determination of the industry attractiveness and in analyzing the prospects of growth and opportunities by assessing the competitive trends and the intensity of the rivalry amongst the existing competitors. It is a major strategic tool used for determining the industry potential/prospects and the possible threats which may […]
Segmentation refers to a process of bifurcating or dividing a large unit into various small units which have more or less similar or related characteristics.
The marketers divide the market into smaller segments based on gender. Both men and women have different interests and preferences, and thus the need for segmentation.
Organizations need to have different marketing strategies for men which would obviously not work in case of females.
A woman would not purchase a product meant for males and vice a versa.
The segmentation of the market as per the gender is important in many industries like cosmetics, footwear, jewellery and apparel industries.
Division on the basis of age group of the target audience is also one of the ways of market segmentation.
The products and marketing strategies for teenagers would obviously be different than kids.
Age group (0 - 10 years) - Toys, Nappies, Baby Food, Prams
Age Group (10 - 20 years) - Toys, Apparels, Books, School Bags
Age group (20 years and above) - Cosmetics, Anti-Ageing Products, Magazines, apparels and so on
Marketers divide the consumers into small segments as per their income. Individuals are classified into segments according to their monthly earnings.
The three categories are:
High income Group
Mid Income Group
Low Income Group
Stores catering to the higher income group would have different range of products and strategies as compared to stores which target the lower income group.
Pantaloon, Carrefour, Shopper’s stop target the high income group as compared to Vishal Retail, Reliance Retail or Big bazaar who cater to the individuals belonging to the lower income segment.
Market segmentation can also be as per the marital status of the individuals. Travel agencies would not have similar holiday packages for bachelors and married couples.
Office goers would have different needs as compared to school/college students.
A beach house shirt or a funky T Shirt would have no takers in a Zodiac Store as it caters specifically to the professionals.
The basis of such segmentation is the lifestyle of the individuals. The individual’s attitude, interest, value help the marketers to classify them into small groups.
The loyalties of the customers towards a particular brand help the marketers to classify them into smaller groups, each group comprising of individuals loyal towards a particular brand.
Geographic segmentation refers to the classification of market into various geographical areas. A marketer can’t have similar strategies for individuals living at different places.
Nestle promotes Nescafe all through the year in cold states of the country as compared to places which have well defined summer and winter season.
McDonald’s in India does not sell beef products as it is strictly against the religious beliefs of the countrymen, whereas McDonald’s in US freely sells and promotes beef products.
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