The Concept of Stock Keeping Units (SKU’s)
Companies like Wal-Mart are often credited with bringing in technology to the retail business. Prior to multinational companies introducing technology, retail was just a mundane business which was run without the use of any electronic or sophisticated retail systems. However, all that has changed now as retail is at the center of many technological innovations. […]
Principles of Strategic Financial Management
The field of strategy is not an exact science. This is because strategies are made based on the assumptions that an individual or a group of people have about the future. It is for this reason that if different people undertake the activity of strategic financial management, they are likely to come up with different […]
Types of Coupon Rates in Fixed Income Securities
Fixed income securities are important to investors’ portfolios since they provide regular income in the form of coupon payments. However, there are many different types of bonds available in the market which offer different types of coupon payments. It is important for investors to realize these different types of coupon payments since they can have […]
The Use of Reference Rates in Financial Markets
Debt securities are widely issued and traded in the secondary market. Debt securities could have a fixed interest rate or a floating interest rate. When debt is taken for the short term, fixed interest rates are preferred. However, in the medium to long run, the interest rates cannot be directly fixed. This is because, as […]
Disadvantages of in Store Automation in Retail Stores
The concept of in-store automation is increasingly becoming popular in the retail sector. In the previous articles, we have already seen what in store automation is. We are now also aware of the various advantages which result from in store automation. However, it would be incorrect to assume that in store automation does not have […]
Turnover ratios (also known as efficiency ratios) are a very important class of ratios. These ratios are not only used by financial personnel but also by the people in charge of operations. However, we are going to consider these ratios from the point of view of outside investors. This is because judgments have to be made about the efficiency of the firm based on limited information at hand. Here is an elementary introduction to what turnover ratios are and why they are important.
Over the years, investors have realized one rule and that is “Efficiency means growing business”. Any firm which is more efficient than its peers in producing the same goods and services will be more profitable in the short run. This profitability will allow the firm to build a competitive moat around itself and these businesses often become very valuable. This is like an investors dream formula for success. It is for this reason that investors carefully look at the efficiency numbers of newbie firms.
Finding out whether the firm is efficient is difficult even for a manager or an employee who has all the information at hand. Investors on the other hand just have the financial statements. They have to use these financial statements as their window into the operations of the firm. This is possible because every activity done by the firm involves costs and therefore leaves a trail on the financial statements. The turnover ratios are the investors’ method to connect the dots. They use information which is available in different financial statements. They then aggregate this information together and make meaningful conclusions about the operations of the company.
Turnover ratios as the name suggest, are related to sales. The logic is that given a certain amount of assets, how much sales can a company achieve? Therefore turnover ratios are always a comparison between an income statement item i.e. sales and the corresponding balance sheet item. For example if we compare fixed assets to sales, we get fixed asset turnover ratio. On the other hand when we compare accounts receivable to sales we get accounts receivable turnover ratio.
In case of inventory turnover ratio we use the COGS figure listed on the income statement rather than the sales figure. This is because inventory is reported at the cost price.
In conclusion, turnover ratios provide early clues to the efficiency of a firm. This can go a long way in making a successful investment and therefore an investor must learn how to use these ratios to his/her advantage.
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